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Chart of the Week

Weekly chart using economic data to address timely market topics from the Wells Fargo Investment Institute Global Investment Strategy team.

July 22, 2025

Global Asset Allocation Team

The long-term expectations underlying our allocations

This line chart shows the 20-year moving average of the 12-month change in the inflation rate from January 1975 to May 2025. The 20-year average moved from 3.2% in 1975 to near 6.5% in 1985, where it remained until 1993. The 20-year average then steadily moved lower for nearly 30 years, reaching 2% in 2021. It rose to near 2.6% from 2021 to 2024, where it remains as of May 2025.Sources: Bloomberg, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and Wells Fargo Investment Institute. Monthly data from January 1, 1975 to May 31, 2025. Chart is for illustrative purposes only. Start date chosen to reflect 50 years of data. YOY = year over year. Excerpted from 2025 Capital Market Assumptions — Special Report (July 16)

Revisiting our capital market assumptions (CMAs) and strategic asset allocations for 2025

We released our CMAs on July 16, which are based on the trends we expect to persist or change over the long term1 and consist of expected return, risk, yield, and correlation2 assumptions for each of the asset classes in our investment strategies. Inflation is the basic building block we use to create the CMAs, and it is one of the greatest threats to accumulating and preserving wealth.

As shown in the chart above, although inflation remains sticky, its long-term trend is starting to stabilize. While we expect inflation to remain elevated over the next couple of years, we believe inflation will moderate post-2026. For the long term, we assume consumer price inflation will average 2.5%, consistent with the 20-year historical average.

What it may mean for investors

Ultimately, our CMAs are the foundation for our Strategic Asset Allocation recommendations. Within these allocations, we favor U.S. over international assets for fixed income and equities. In real assets, we favor commodities and private real estate for their potential diversification benefits. Finally, in an effort to improve risk-adjusted return expectations, we favor private capital and a mix of hedging strategies within alternative investments.

1 CMA forecasts are not promises of actual returns or performance that may be realized. They are based on estimates and assumptions that may not occur.

2 Correlation measures how two asset classes or investments move in relation to each other.

Risk Considerations

Forecasts, estimates, and projections are not guaranteed and are based on certain assumptions and views of market and economic conditions which are subject to change.

Each asset class has its own risk and return characteristics. The level of risk associated with a particular investment or asset class generally correlates with the level of return the investment or asset class might achieve. Stock markets, especially foreign markets, are volatile. Stock values may fluctuate in response to general economic and market conditions, the prospects of individual companies, and industry sectors. Foreign investing has additional risks including those associated with currency fluctuation, political and economic instability, and different accounting standards. These risks are heightened in emerging markets. Bonds are subject to market, interest rate, price, credit/default, liquidity, inflation and other risks. Prices tend to be inversely affected by changes in interest rates. The commodities markets are considered speculative, carry substantial risks, and have experienced periods of extreme volatility. Investing in a volatile and uncertain commodities market may cause a portfolio to rapidly increase or decrease in value which may result in greater share price volatility. Real estate has special risks including the possible illiquidity of underlying properties, credit risk, interest rate fluctuations and the impact of varied economic conditions.

Alternative investments, such as hedge funds, private equity/private debt, and private real estate funds, are speculative and involve a high degree of risk that is appropriate only for those investors who have the financial sophistication and expertise to evaluate the merits and risks of an investment in a fund and for which the fund does not represent a complete investment program. They entail significant risks that can include losses due to leveraging or other speculative investment practices, lack of liquidity, volatility of returns, restrictions on transferring interests in a fund, potential lack of diversification, absence and/or delay of information regarding valuations and pricing, complex tax structures and delays in tax reporting, and less regulation and higher fees than mutual funds. Hedge fund, private equity, private debt, and private real estate fund investing involve other material risks, including capital loss and the loss of the entire amount invested. A fund's offering documents should be carefully reviewed prior to investing.

Hedge fund strategies, such as Equity Hedge, Event Driven, Macro and Relative Value, may expose investors to the risks associated with the use of short selling, leverage, derivatives and arbitrage methodologies. Short sales involve leverage and theoretically unlimited loss potential since the market price of securities sold short may continuously increase. The use of leverage in a portfolio varies by strategy. Leverage can significantly increase return potential but create greater risk of loss. Derivatives generally have implied leverage which can magnify volatility and may entail other risks such as market, interest rate, credit, counterparty and management risks. Arbitrage strategies expose a fund to the risk that the anticipated arbitrage opportunities will not develop as anticipated, resulting in potentially reduced returns or losses to the fund.

Definitions

Consumer Price Index (CPI) produces monthly data on changes in the prices paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services.

General Disclosures

Global Investment Strategy (GIS) is a division of Wells Fargo Investment Institute, Inc. (WFII). WFII is a registered investment adviser and wholly owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., a bank affiliate of Wells Fargo & Company.

The information in this report was prepared by Global Investment Strategy. Opinions represent GIS’ opinion as of the date of this report and are for general information purposes only and are not intended to predict or guarantee the future performance of any individual security, market sector or the markets generally. GIS does not undertake to advise you of any change in its opinions or the information contained in this report. Wells Fargo & Company affiliates may issue reports or have opinions that are inconsistent with, and reach different conclusions from, this report.

The information contained herein constitutes general information and is not directed to, designed for, or individually tailored to, any particular investor or potential investor. This report is not intended to be a client-specific suitability or best interest analysis or recommendation, an offer to participate in any investment, or a recommendation to buy, hold or sell securities. Do not use this report as the sole basis for investment decisions. Do not select an asset class or investment product based on performance alone. Consider all relevant information, including your existing portfolio, investment objectives, risk tolerance, liquidity needs and investment time horizon. The material contained herein has been prepared from sources and data we believe to be reliable but we make no guarantee to its accuracy or completeness.

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